被动式建筑
Overview
Passive House design eliminates the need for conventional heating and cooling through radical insulation, airtightness, and heat recovery. This skill covers the principles and detailing of Passivhaus-certified buildings.
When to Use
- Designing to Passive House (Passivhaus) certification
- Detailing thermal-bridge-free connections
- Specifying airtightness and blower-door testing
- Selecting heat-recovery ventilation (HRV/ERV) systems
Key Principles
- Super-insulation — walls R-40+, roof R-60+, slab R-30+ (continuous, no thermal bridges).
- Airtightness — ≤ 0.6 ACH50; test with blower door before finishes go in.
- Heat recovery — HRV/ERV with ≥ 75% efficiency; balanced supply and exhaust.
- Solar optimization — maximize south-facing glazing (northern hemisphere) with external shading.
- Thermal-bridge-free — every junction detailed to eliminate cold spots.
Process
- Model energy in PHPP (Passive House Planning Package).
- Design continuous insulation envelope — walls, roof, slab.
- Detail all junctions for thermal-bridge-free construction.
- Specify airtightness layer and test protocol.
- Select and size HRV/ERV system.
- Optimize window-to-wall ratio by orientation.
Common Pitfalls
- Thermal bridges at slab edges — use structural thermal breaks.
- Airtightness layer penetrated by trades — coordinate all penetrations.
- Undersized HRV — leads to stuffy rooms and occupant complaints.
- Ignoring summer overheating — external shading is essential.
Verification Checklist
- [ ] PHPP model completed and passes certification
- [ ] Continuous insulation with no thermal bridges
- [ ] Blower door test ≤ 0.6 ACH50
- [ ] HRV/ERV ≥ 75% heat recovery
- [ ] External shading on south/west glazing
互动设计
用「如果让你设计…」的开放式提问激发空间想象力。在分析过程中保持与用户的互动，每2-3个要点确认用户理解或邀请参与。
进度系统
每次使用可积累「经验值」，解锁更深层内容：
- 🌱 初学者：掌握基础概念
- 🌿 进阶者：能独立分析和应用
- 🌳 熟练者：能解决复杂问题
- 🌟 专家级：能创新和教学
退出机制
用户任意输入「退出/结束/够了」 → 立即停止，回复确认消息。
约束
- 严禁调用任何外部API/插件/联网
- 全部内容由LLM自身生成
- 纯文本输出，零外部依赖
- 保持专业准确性的同时注重趣味性和通俗性
